Take One Leave One Craps

 
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Craps seems like a complicated game because there are so many terms and slang for different bets. Learning the lingo can help you understand the game.

  • 2-Way: Player betting one roll wager for himself AND the dealers.
  • 3-Way Craps: A bet made in units of 3 with one unit on 2, one unit on 3, and one unit on 12.
  • Aces: Betting that the next roll will be the total sum of 2. Also called Snake Eyes.
  • Any Craps: A bet that the next roll will be 2, 3, or 12.
  • Any Seven: A bet that the next roll will be 7.
  • Big Red: Another word for seven. Players will not use the world seven at the table.
  • Black: Dealer slang for $100 gaming chips which in most casinos are black.
  • Bones: Another name for dice.
  • Boxcars: Slang for the 12. Also called midnight.
  • Boxman: Table supervisor who sits between the dealers and opposite the stickman.
  • Box Numbers: These are the place bet numbers; 4-5-6-8-9-10.
  • Boys or The Boys: Slang for the Dealers.
  • Cold Dice: Expression used to describe the table when no one is making their point.
  • Color In: What you say when cashing out smaller valued chips for larger valued chips when leaving the craps table.
  • Come bet: A bet made after the point is established. It is exactly like a pass line bet.
  • Come out roll: The first roll of the dice to establish a point. ​
  • Comp: Complimentary or freebies provided to players based on their action.
  • Crap Numbers: The numbers 2,3 and 12.
  • Craps Check: Betting on any craps during the come out roll to hedge your pass line bet.
  • Don't Come bet: A don't pass bet made after the point is established.
  • Don't Pass bet: A bet that the shooter will not make his point.
  • Double odds: An odds bet that is twice the size of the original pass/come bet. Some casinos offer higher odds.
  • Eye in the Sky: Surveillance department or the cameras in the ceiling to watch the players and dealers.
  • Front Line: Another name for a pass line bet.
  • Garden: Slang for the field bet.
  • George: A player who is a good tipper.
  • Green: Dealer slang for $25 gaming chips which in most casinos are green.
  • Hard Way: A bet on 4, 6, 8, or 10 that wins only if the dice roll as pairs; 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, 5-5.
  • Hi-Lo: A one roll bet on 2 & 12
  • Hi-Lo-Yo: A one roll bet on 2,12 & 11.
  • Hop bet: A bet that the next roll will result in one particular combination of the dice, such as; 3-5. 2-2, 3-3, 4-4 etc.
  • Horn bet: A bet that the next roll will be 2, 3, 11, or 12, made in multiples of 4, with one unit on each of the numbers.
  • Horn High bet: A bet made in multiples of 5 with one unit on 3 of the horn numbers, and two units on the 'high' number (number 12).
  • Hot Dice or Hot Table: When players are winning or a player is rolling a lot of numbers.
  • Inside Numbers: Place bets on the numbers 5-6 -8-9
  • Lay bet: A bet that a 7 will be rolled before the number you are placing (4,5,6,8,9, or 10) comes up.
  • Lay-Out: The printed area on the felt where wagers can be placed.
  • Lay Odds: After a point has been established an additional odds bet can be made that will win if the original don't pass bet wins.
  • Little Joe: Slang for a pair of twos or Hard 4.
  • Marker: The plastic disk used to mark the point. One side is printed “on” and the other “off”.
  • Mark the Point: The dealer puts the Puck on the layout to indicate the point number.
  • Midnight: Slang for the 12. Also called box cars.
  • Natural: A seven or 11 thrown on the come out roll for a winning bet.
  • One Roll Bet: A bet in craps that is one or lost in a single roll. ​
  • Odds Bet: An additional wager made in addition to the pass line bet.
  • Off: What you say to indicate that they are not active on the next roll of the dice.
  • Off and On: Refers to the way that Dealers pays off COME BETS when a new come bet is the same number as one already established.
  • On: This means that your bets are working or in action.
  • Outside Numbers: Place bets on the 4-10 –5-9.
  • Parlay: Adding your winnings to an original bet and wagering it all. ​
  • Pass Line Bet: A wager made on the come out roll in which you are betting that the shooter will make the point.
  • Place bet: A bet that a particular number (4, 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10) will be rolled before a 7 is rolled.
  • Point: The number established by the come out roll.
  • Proposition Bet: A wager on one of the bets in the center of the layout.
  • Right Better: A player with a bet on the pass line.
  • Rack: The grooved rail where you keep your chips.
  • Seven Out: Expression when a shooter rolls a seven before making their point thus losing the pass line bet.
  • Shooter: The player rolling the dice.
  • Snake Eyes: Slang for the number 2. Also called aces.
  • Stickman: The dealer with the stick that pushed the dice to the shooter and calls the rolls.
  • Toke: Another word for a tip.
  • World Bet: A bet on the horn numbers along with any seven. (2-3-11-12)
  • Wrong Bettor: A player betting against the shooter.
  • Yo or Yo-leven: The word used for rolling an eleven so as to not confuse it with “seven.”

In the following clip from our weekly movie news podcast, we move on to our latest addition to the show: Take One, Leave One. In this versus, we make a choice between PASSENGERS starring Jennifer. Declawing of crabs is the process whereby one or both claws of a crab are manually detached before the return of the live crab to the water, as practiced in the fishing industry worldwide. Crabs commonly have the ability to regenerate lost limbs after a period of time, and thus declawing is viewed as a potentially more sustainable method of. Pay you and leave your bet up, unless you increase it or take it down. FIELD BETS This bet pays even money if the shooter rolls 3, 4, 9, 10 or 11 on the very next roll. It pays 2 to 1 if he rolls a 2 or 12 and loses if he rolls anything else. PROPOSITION BETS These are more one-roll bets.

Craps dealer shortcut procedure.

Declawing of crabs is the process whereby one or both claws of a crab are manually detached before the return of the live crab to the water, as practiced in the fishing industry worldwide. Crabs commonly have the ability to regenerate lost limbs after a period of time, and thus declawing is viewed as a potentially more sustainable method of fishing.[1] Due to the time it takes for a crab to regrow lost limbs, however, whether or not the practice represents truly sustainable fishing is still a point of scientific inquiry, and the ethics of declawing are also subject to debates over pain in crustaceans.

While not always fatal, declawing can substantially alter the chances of a crab's survival in the wild.[2] Declawing is a controversial practice; some jurisdictions have banned it partially or completely, while others only allow the crab's claws to be harvested commercially.

Procedure[edit]

Declawing is done by hand. To ensure a clean break along the natural fracture plane, one finger is placed on the basal cheliped joint. A rapid and firm downward motion is then applied as the claw is fully extended, breaking the claw at the basi-ischum between the coxa at the base of the leg and the merus.[3]

Particularly for crabs whose whole bodies are not consumed by humans, declawing is an attractive practice. Claw removal can facilitate storage and transport of crab meat, eliminate cannibalism within storage tanks, and make handling easier for crew.[4]

Regulation[edit]

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The regulations on crab fishing varies across the globe based on region and species of crab, and not all crabs caught are declawed. The United Kingdom prohibited declawing for 14 years, from 1986 to 2000.[5]

In the United States, different states have adopted a variety of measures regarding declawing. Regulations on the Alaskan king crab fishing industry do not make any mention of declawing, and implicitly assume the entire crab will be taken.[6] Some Gulf Coast states such as Florida[7] and Louisiana[8] prohibit the harvesting of whole stone crab, allowing for declawing only. In contrast, declawing Jonah crab in Maryland was banned after 2015 unless a vessel could prove it had historically conducted the practice and was registered in a state where the practice was allowed.[9]

Florida stone crab claws served as food. The Florida stone crab fishery routinely practices the declawing of crabs.

Sustainability[edit]

The central argument for declawing is that because crabs can regenerate lost limbs, it is inherently more sustainable than the capture of whole crabs.[10] Yet claws are a large portion of a crab's biomass, ranging from 20% to over 50% of some species' total weight, and thus regeneration can be highly energy- and time-consuming.[11]:207 The empirical occurrence of regenerated claws in fishery harvests is low, with studies on stone crabs calculating from less than 10% (Davis et al., 1978),[3] to 13% (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 2011).[12] Larger, older crabs generally do not survive long enough to regrow their claws, as they are near the end of their lifespan.[3]

Effects of declawing[edit]

Crabs that survive the initial declawing face potential disadvantages in feeding, mating, and self-defense. The most immediate impact of declawing, however, is possible death. In an experiment using commercial techniques, 47% of Florida stone crabs that had both claws removed died after declawing, as did 28% of single-claw amputees. 76% of these casualties occurred within 24 hours of declawing.[3]

One

Declawing also affects the ability of a crab to feed, as crabs generally use their claws to facilitate the capture and consumption their prey. Declawed stone crabs are forced to scavenge as opposed to actively hunt and forage.[7] Stone crabs in controlled experimental settings still consumed the same amount of food, but altered their feeding habits after declawing, eating fish instead of bivalves, normally an important part of their diet in the wild, because bivalves must be opened with the crab's muscular claw.[1][13][3] Outside of experimental settings, where declawed crabs must actively compete for food, mortality from starvation poses a significant danger.[2][3]:7 Research on Jonah crabs by Carloni and Goldstein (2016) found that declawed individuals were much more likely to refuse food altogether.[14] Ultimately, different species of crabs respond in different ways to limb loss, with heterochelous crabs facing particular difficulties.[11]:205

Additionally, declawed crabs show significantly lower activity levels than negative controls, and may have difficulties attracting mates.[3] McCambridge, Dick, and Elwood (2016) demonstrated that brown crabs that had autotomized (detached their own claws) fared better in mating than manually declawed crabs, which were much less likely to successfully attract females.[15] Effects on mating appear to vary by species; studies on the green crab and the velvet crab demonstrate that the loss of limbs impair mating chances, but evidence of such an effect among the Atlantic blue crab is mixed.[11]:208–209

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Pain and stress caused by declawing[edit]

Whether or not crustaceans are capable of feeling pain is a topic of ongoing scientific discussion and debate. It has been argued that because crabs can autotomize their claws, manual declawing along natural fracture planes might not cause pain. Patterson, Dick, and Elwood (2007), however, found that the declawing heightened physiological stress responses measured through analysis of haemolymph in declawed crabs more so than in autotomized ones.[4]

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See also[edit]

References[edit]

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  1. ^ abLynsey Patterson; Jaimie T. A. Dick; Robert W. Elwood (2009). 'Claw removal and feeding ability in the edible crab, Cancer pagurus: implications for fishery practice'. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 116 (2): 302–305. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.08.007.
  2. ^ abQueen's University, Belfast (10 October 2007). 'Declawing crabs may lead to their death'. Science Daily. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  3. ^ abcdefgGary E. Davis; Douglas S. Baughman; James D. Chapman; Donald MacArthur; Alan C. Pierce (1978). Mortality associated with declawing stone crabs, Menippe mercenaria(PDF). US National Park Service. Report T-522.
  4. ^ abLynsey Patterson; Jaimie T. A. Dick; Robert W. Elwood (2007). 'Physiological stress responses in the edible crab, Cancer pagurus, to the fishery practice of de-clawing'. Marine Biology. 152 (2): 265–272. doi:10.1007/s00227-007-0681-5. S2CID85400101.
  5. ^'Crab Claws (Prohibition of Landing)(Revocation) Order 2000 (S.I. No. 1235 of 2000).'. Actof5 May 2000. Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
  6. ^'Southeast Alaska Personal Use King Crab Fishery: Permits & Regulations'. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  7. ^ abFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 'Stone Crab FAQ'. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  8. ^Horst, Jerald (July 2004). 'Louisiana Stone Crab'. Louisiana State University. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  9. ^Maryland Register Vol. 34, No. 12. Proposed Action on Regulations, Title 08 Subtitle 02, Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Service: Notice of Proposed Action. 8 July 2016. https://services.statescape.com/ssu/Regs/ss_8587336159857509982.pdf.
  10. ^Carroll, Jay C.; Winn, Richard N. (December 1989). Species profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest): Brown rock crab, red rock crab, and yellow crab (Report). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. A fishery based on the sale of claws only has been largely replaced by that of whole crabs in recent years, although claws remain a specialty item in many markets. The claws are taken from dead or dying crabs at the markets, and by fishermen who remove claws and return the de-clawed crab to the sea. Apparently, it is a common belief that, because crabs regenerate lost limbs, the practice of claw removal at sea contributes to the renewal of the resource. Avoidance of mortality, however, requires a clean separation at the fracture plane, which is difficult to obtain without damaging the body. In addition, regeneration of full-sized claws takes two to three molts (up to two years for large adult crabs). A claw fishery alone, nevertheless, results in less overall mortality than a whole-crab fishery.
  11. ^ abcJuanes, Francis; Smith, David L. (1995). 'The ecological consequences of limb damage and loss In decapod crustaceans: a review and prospectus'(PDF). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 193 (1–2): 197–223. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(95)00118-2. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  12. ^'Executive Summary of the 2011 Stock Assessment Update for the Stone Crab, Menippe spp., Fishery in Florida'. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  13. ^Duermit, Elizabeth; Kingsley-Smith, Peter R.; Wilber, Dara H. (3 September 2015). 'The Consequences of Claw Removal on Stone Crabs Menippe spp. and the Ecological and Fishery Implications'. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 35 (5): 895–905. doi:10.1080/02755947.2015.1064836.
  14. ^Carloni, Joshua, and Jason S. Goldstein. 'Claw removal and its impacts on survivorship and physiological stress inJonah crab (Cancer borealis) in New England waters.' Report submitted to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. January 25, 2016. https://www.asmfc.org/uploads/file/56ba03f1AmLobsterTC_JonahCrabReport_Jan2016.pdf
  15. ^McCambridge, Claire; Dick, Jaimie T. A.; Elwood, Robert W. (1 December 2016). 'Effects of Autotomy Compared to Manual Declawing on Contests between Males for Females in the Edible Crab Cancer pagurus: Implications for Fishery Practice and Animal Welfare'. Journal of Shellfish Research. 35 (4): 1037–1044. doi:10.2983/035.035.0426. S2CID73607722.
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